Background: The presence of residual risk in patients with a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a cause of additional cardiovascular events. The aim of this study is to correlate residual cardiovascular risk with the severity of coronary disease.
Methods: We enrolled 52 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome from September to October 2023 at the Clinical and Rehabilitation Cardiology of the San Filippo Neri Hospital. All patients were treated with percutaneous and/or surgical coronary revascularization and had a history of ASCVD.
Thirty of these patients had a single-vessel coronary disease and 22 had a multivessel coronary disease.
We analyzed the main cardiovascular risk factors and the received therapies in both groups.
Results: Triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the group with a multivessel coronary disease (132.94 ± 65.41 mg/dl vs 94.06 ± 37.63 mg/dl; p=0.01) as well as the levels of glycated hemoglobin (50.91 ± 15.23 mmol/mol vs 42.92 ± 6.65 mmol/mol; p=0.01) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, 1.25 ± 1.48 mg/dl vs 0.65 ± 0.46 mg/dl; p=0.04).
We found no significant differences between the two groups for the other main cardiovascular risk factors and the therapies.
Conclusions: Our data show that higher levels of triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin and hs-CRP, an inflammatory biomarker, are associated with a more extensive coronary disease. This finding suggests that a better metabolic control, in terms of glycated hemoglobin and triglyceride levels, and inflammation could contribute to the reduction of coronary disease extension.
